毛細(xi)管粘度計按結構、形(xing)狀可分為烏氏、芬氏、平氏、逆流(liu)四種。它們(men)測(ce)定的樣品(pin)粘度是(shi)運動粘度。已廣泛地運用在石油、化(hua)工、輕工、機電、國防、交通、煤碳(tan)、冶金、醫藥、食品(pin)、造紙、紡織、科研、高(gao)等院校(xiao)等單位。
測定原理：在一(yi)定(ding)溫度(du)下，當液體在直立(li)的毛細(xi)管中，以*濕(shi)潤(run)管壁的狀態流動時(shi)，其(qi)運(yun)動粘(zhan)度(du)與流動時(shi)間(jian)成正(zheng)比。測定(ding)時(shi)，用(yong)已(yi)知(zhi)運(yun)動粘(zhan)度(du)的液體作標(biao)準，測量其(qi)從毛細(xi)管粘(zhan)度(du)計(ji)流出(chu)(chu)的時(shi)間(jian)，再(zai)測量試樣自同一(yi)粘(zhan)度(du)計(ji)流出(chu)(chu)的時(shi)間(jian)，則可計(ji)算出(chu)(chu)試樣的粘(zhan)度(du)。 正確使用毛細管粘度計，對確保產品質量和科研數據的準確是很重要的。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三、恒溫及調垂直： | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 把裝好樣品的粘度計放到恒溫槽架子上（夾子上），把毛細管左、右、前、后調垂直，在測定溫度下恒溫10分鐘，開始測定，記下*到第二圈線間流出時間，一般選行三次（去掉不正常）取平均數。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
四、可用毛細管內徑、測樣品粘度范圍、可參考下表：（選用的粘度計被測樣品流出時間不低于200秒） | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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美(mei)國Cannon玻(bo)璃毛細粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)管(guan)測試(shi)方法：ASTM D445, ASTM D446, ASTM D2170方法，透(tou)明(ming)和不(bu)透(tou)明(ming)液體(ti)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)測定法 （包(bao)括計算動(dong)(dong)(dong)力粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)），玻(bo)璃毛細管(guan)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)計的(de)規格及使用說明(ming)，瀝(li)青(qing)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)的(de)試(shi)驗方法
原(yuan)理：本法(fa)用以(yi)測定透明(ming)(ming)與不透明(ming)(ming)產品的粘度，它是在已知的溫度下(xia)，利用液(ye)體本身的重力流動(dong)性（gravity-flow）來測定一定體積的液(ye)體通過經(jing)校(xiao)正后(hou)的毛細玻(bo)璃管(guan)粘度(du)計所需(xu)的時間。根據所測出的動力粘度可計算出公制粘(zhan)度或粘(zhan)度（dynamic viscosity）。
方法概(gai)要：取一(yi)定(ding)體(ti)積的(de)(de)(de)液體(ti)在嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度與(yu)固定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)液面高度的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)下，使(shi)其流經毛細管(guan)粘(zhan)度計而(er)計算其流經(jing)時間。根據流經(jing)時間與粘度計的校正常數的乘積(ji)即可得動力(li)粘度(du)。
所需儀器：
1. 粘度(du)計: 校正過后(hou)的玻璃毛細管，其所測得的粘度(du)能符合于所(suo)要求(qiu)的復驗準(zhun)確度(du)再試準(zhun)確度(du)。
2. 粘度(du)計支(zhi)架: 能(neng)將(jiang)粘度(du)計在恒溫(wen)槽(cao)中(zhong)架持穩固，且能(neng)使其垂直豎立。
3. 粘(zhan)度計調(diao)溫槽: 內盛(sheng)裝透(tou)明液體(ti)，能使樣品于(yu)粘度(du)(du)計內較(jiao)液面低20mm以下，或(huo)高于槽(cao)底(di)20mm以上，能保(bao)持槽(cao)內溫(wen)度(du)(du)的變動于15至(zhi)100℃間低于±0.02℃的(de)變化，在此溫度(du)范圍以外，亦不超過±0.05℃的(de)溫度(du)變化。
4. 測溫器: 檢驗動力(li)粘度(du)計(ji)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)計(ji)內(nei)盛有適(shi)當的(de)液體(ti)，使之能符(fu)合(he)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)范圍，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)計(ji)使用(yong)前均需校正，校正后準確度(du)在(zai)±0.02℃，若其它測溫器有上(shang)述(shu)的(de)度時(shi)亦可采用。
5. 定(ding)時器(qi): 秒(miao)表(biao)或彈(dan)簧裝置(zhi)的定(ding)時器(qi)均(jun)可(ke)使(shi)用，但其(qi)(qi)刻(ke)度至少在(zai)0.1秒(miao)，其(qi)(qi)測(ce)定(ding)200秒(miao)至900秒(miao)的誤差在(zai)±0.07%以內(nei)。
類型一：Cannon-Fenske、Cannon-Ubbelohde Cannon-Ubbelohde Dilution Viscometers | ||
毛(mao)細粘(zhan)度管(guan)號(hao) | 常數CSt/秒(miao) | 范圍CST |
NO.25 | 0.002 | 0.5-2 |
NO.50 | 0.004 | 0.8-4 |
NO.75 | 0.008 | 1.6-8 |
00 | 0.015 | 3--15 |
50 | 0.035 | 7-35 |
NO.200 | 0.1 | 20-100 |
NO.300 | 0.25 | 50-250 |
NO.350 | 0.5 | 100-500 |
NO.400 | 1.2 | 240-1200 |
NO.450 | 2.5 | 500-2500 |
NO.500 | 8 | 1600-8000 |
NO.600 | 20 | 4000-20000 |
NO.650 | 45 | 9000-45000 |
NO.700 | 100 | 20000-100000 |
類型二：Ubbelohde Viscometers | ||
NO.0 | 0.001 | 0.3-1 |
NO.0C | 0.003 | 0.6-3 |
NO.0B | 0.005 | 1--5 |
0.01 | 2--10 | |
C | 0.03 | 6--30 |
B | 0.05 | 10-50 |
NO.2 | 0.1 | 20-100 |
NO.2C | 0.3 | 60-300 |
NO.2B | 0.5 | 100-500 |
NO.3 | 1 | 200-1000 |
NO.3C | 3 | 600-3000 |
NO.3B | 5 | 1000-5000 |
NO.4 | 10 | 2000-10000 |
NO.4C | 30 | 6000-30000 |
NO.4B | 50 | 10000-50000 |
NO.5 | 100 | 20000-100000 |
類(lei)型三：Zeitfuchs Cross-arm | ||
0.003 | 0.6-3 | |
NO.2 | 0.01 | 2--10 |
NO.3 | 0.03 | 6--30 |
NO.4 | 0.1 | 20-100 |
NO.5 | 0.3 | 60-300 |
NO.6 | 1 | 200-1000 |
NO.7 | 3 | 600-3000 |
NO.8 | 10 | 2000-10000 |
NO.9 | 30 | 6000-30000 |
0 | 100 | 20000-100000 |
Ubbelohde Viscometers | |||
Uncalibrated UBU | Calibrated UBC | Calibrated UBXC | |
NO.0 | 9721-N50 | 9721-R50 | 9721-U50 |
NO.0C | 9721-N53 | 9721-R53 | 9721-U53 |
NO.0B | 9721-N56 | 9721-R56 | 9721-U56 |
9721-N59 | 9721-R59 | 9721-U59 | |
C | 9721-N62 | 9721-R62 | 9721-U62 |
B | 9721-N65 | 9721-R65 | 9721-U65 |
NO.2 | 9721-N68 | 9721-R68 | 9721-U68 |
NO.2C | 9721-N71 | 9721-R71 | 9721-U71 |
NO.2B | 9721-N74 | 9721-R74 | 9721-U74 |
NO.3 | 9721-N77 | 9721-R77 | 9721-U77 |
NO.3C | 9721-N80 | 9721-R80 | 9721-U80 |
NO.3B | 9721-N83 | 9721-R83 | 9721-U83 |
NO.4 | 9721-N86 | 9721-R86 | 9721-U86 |
NO.4C | 9721-N89 | 9721-R89 | 9721-U89 |
NO.4B | 9721-N92 | 9721-R92 | 9721-U92 |
NO.5 | 9721-N95 | 9721-R95 | 9721-U95 |
Cannon-Fenske Routine | ||
Uncalibrated CFRU | Calibrated CFRC | |
NO.25 | 9721-A50 | 9721-B50 |
NO.50 | 9721-A53 | 9721-B53 |
NO.75 | 9721-A56 | 9721-B56 |
00 | 9721-A59 | 9721-B59 |
50 | 9721-A62 | 9721-B62 |
NO.200 | 9721-A65 | 9721-B65 |
NO.300 | 9721-A68 | 9721-B68 |
NO.350 | 9721-A71 | 9721-B71 |
NO.400 | 9721-A74 | 9721-B74 |
NO.450 | 9721-A77 | 9721-B77 |
NO.500 | 9721-A80 | 9721-B80 |
NO.600 | 9721-A83 | 9721-B83 |
NO.650 | 9721-A86 | 9721-B86 |
NO.700 | 9721-A89 | 9721-B89 |
Cannon-Fenske opaque | ||
Uncalibrated CFOU | Calibrated CFOC | |
NO.25 | 9721-E50 | 9721-F50 |
NO.50 | 9721-E53 | 9721-F53 |
NO.75 | 9721-E56 | 9721-F56 |
00 | 9721-E59 | 9721-F59 |
50 | 9721-E62 | 9721-F62 |
NO.200 | 9721-E65 | 9721-F65 |
NO.300 | 9721-E68 | 9721-F68 |
NO.350 | 9721-E71 | 9721-F71 |
NO.400 | 9721-E74 | 9721-F74 |
NO.450 | 9721-E77 | 9721-F77 |
NO.500 | 9721-E80 | 9721-F80 |
NO.600 | 9721-E83 | 9721-F83 |
NO.650 | 9721-E86 | 9721-F86 |
NO.700 | 9721-E89 | 9721-F89 |
Cannon-Ubbelohde Semi-Micro Viscometers | ||
Uncalibrated CUSMU | Calibrated CUSMC | |
NO.25 | 9721-G50 | 9721-H50 |
NO.50 | 9721-G53 | 9721-H53 |
NO.75 | 9721-G56 | 9721-H56 |
00 | 9721-G59 | 9721-H59 |
50 | 9721-G62 | 9721-H62 |
NO.200 | 9721-G65 | 9721-H65 |
NO.300 | 9721-G68 | 9721-H68 |
NO.350 | 9721-G71 | 9721-H71 |
NO.400 | 9721-G74 | 9721-H74 |
NO.450 | 9721-G77 | 9721-H77 |
NO.500 | 9721-G80 | 9721-H80 |
NO.600 | 9721-G83 | 9721-H83 |
NO.25 | 9721-G50 | 9721-H50 |
NO.50 | 9721-G53 | 9721-H53 |
Cannon-Ubbelohde | ||
Uncalibrated CUU | Calibrated CUC | |
NO.25 | 9721-J50 | 9721-K50 |
NO.50 | 9721-J53 | 9721-K53 |
NO.75 | 9721-J56 | 9721-K56 |
00 | 9721-J59 | 9721-K59 |
50 | 9721-J62 | 9721-K62 |
NO.200 | 9721-J65 | 9721-K65 |
NO.300 | 9721-J68 | 9721-K68 |
NO.350 | 9721-J71 | 9721-K71 |
NO.400 | 9721-J74 | 9721-K74 |
NO.450 | 9721-J77 | 9721-K77 |
NO.500 | 9721-J80 | 9721-K80 |
NO.600 | 9721-J83 | 9721-K83 |
NO.650 | 9721-J86 | 9721-K86 |
NO.700 | 9721-J89 | 9721-K89 |
Cannon-Ubbelohde Dilution Viscometers | ||
Uncalibrated CUDU | Calibrated CUDC | |
NO.25 | 9721-L50 | 9721-M50 |
NO.50 | 9721-L53 | 9721-M53 |
NO.75 | 9721-L56 | 9721-M56 |
00 | 9721-L59 | 9721-M59 |
50 | 9721-L62 | 9721-M62 |
NO.200 | 9721-L65 | 9721-M65 |
NO.300 | 9721-L68 | 9721-M68 |
NO.350 | 9721-L71 | 9721-M71 |
NO.400 | 9721-L74 | 9721-M74 |
NO.450 | 9721-L77 | 9721-M77 |
NO.500 | 9721-L80 | 9721-M80 |
NO.600 | 9721-L83 | 9721-M83 |
Zeitfuchs Cross-arm Viscometers | ||
ZCAC | ZCAXC | |
9723-S50 | 9723-U50 | |
NO.2 | 9723-S53 | 9723-U53 |
NO.3 | 9723-S56 | 9723-U56 |
NO.4 | 9723-S59 | 9723-U59 |
NO.5 | 9723-S62 | 9723-U62 |
NO.6 | 9723-S65 | 9723-U65 |
NO.7 | 9723-S68 | 9723-U68 |
NO.8 | 9723-S71 | 9723-U71 |
NO.9 | 9723-S74 | 9723-U74 |
0 | 9723-S77 | 9723-U77 |
Modified Koppers Vacuum Viscometers | |
25 | 9724-W50 |
50 | 9724-W55 |
100 | 9724-W60 |
200 | 9724-W65 |
400 | 9724-W70 |
Asphalt Institute Vacuum | |
25 | 9724-R50 |
50 | 9724-R55 |
100 | 9724-R60 |
200 | 9724-R65 |
400R | 9724-R70 |
800R | 9724-R75 |
貨號 | 玻璃毛細粘度管配件 |
9726-M50 | H100塑料粘度夾（適(shi)合Cannon-Fenske） |
9726-M70 | H101塑料粘度(du)夾(jia)（適合Cannon-Ubbelohde） |
9726-M53 | H110 Neoprene粘度夾（適(shi)合Cannon-Fenske） |
9726-M79 | H113銅粘度(du)夾(jia)（適(shi)合Cannon-Fenske Opaque） |
9726-M95 | H115 Neoprene粘度(du)夾（適合(he)Zeitfuchs） |
9726-M73 | H120 Neoprene粘度夾（適合Cannon-Ubbelohde） |
9726-M82 | H130銅粘度(du)夾（適合(he)Ubbelohde） |
9726-M76 | H131銅粘度夾（適合Cannon-Ubbelohde） |
9726-M98 | H132銅粘度夾（適合(he)Zeitfuchs） |
9726-M99 | H133 BS/IP/SLSuspendedLevel |
9726-N15 | H140粘度計(ji)支架 |
9726-N30 | H141粘度計支(zhi)架 |
9726-N45 | H142 Cannon-Ubbelohde FilterStick |
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